Implementing circular economy concept by converting cassava pulp and wastewater to biogas for sustainable production in starch industry

Abstract Adoption of the circular economy concept to utilize wastes and by-products from cassava starch industry for biogas production has been considered a viable option. The annual generation wastewater pulp in Thailand is reported be approximately 21 million m 3 9.5 Mt, respectively. This research therefore aimed analyze key drivers challenges implementing order generate higher demand systems, increase energy security resource efficiency, combat environmental problems associated with wastes. following three scenarios were analyzed this study: (1) factory without integrated system, (2) installation using as raw material, (3) system both materials. assessment economic feasibility, water recovery, land use, global warming potential was performed compare different scenarios. study found that Scenario generated highest net present value shortest payback period 6.14 USD 4.37 yr, respectively, 10-yr operational period. Moreover, had efficiency recovery lowest use (1.89 × 10 5 2 at kg d ? 1 ) (0.14 CO 2eq starch).